Italy+WWI

**1870-1914
 * Italy on the Eve of WWI

 1. Italian Colonies before WWI http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/willow/history-of-africa3.gif

2. Kingdom of Italy http://www.italianflag.us/downloads/1861_kingdom_of_italy.gif http://wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kigdom_of_Italy_%281870%29.svg

Italian flag during 1800's Italian coat of arms during 1800's

3. Kingdom of Italy 4. Camillo di Cavour http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Count_Camillo_Benso_di_Cavour Cavour is one of the most important Italian heads of state ever. He was the first Prime Minister of a unified Italy and pulled string and worked hard to see his dream of a unified Italy come true.
 * 1) Constitutional Monarchy
 * 2) King
 * 3) Prime Minister
 * 4) Bicamerial Legislature
 * 1) First Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861

5. V ictor Emmanuel II > > http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy > Victor Emmanuel II was the first King of Italy. Emmanuel II really pushed for the unification of Italy to occur and started wars with other countries to acquire land. 6. Umberto I http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umberto_I_of_Italy
 * 1) King of Italy from 1861-1878
 * 1) Second King of the Kingdom of Italy from 1878-1900

Umberto was the king who agreed to enter Italy into the Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary. He also expanded Italy territory in Africa. Many people had resented him and one of the big problems during his reign was demonstrations and protests. Umberto was eventually killed by an anarchist.

7. Victor Emmanuel III http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy
 * 1) Third King of Italy from 1900-1946

Victor Emmanuel at the start of WWII stayed nuetral and later would side with Entente Powers.

8. The major alliance Italy was involved in was the Triple Alliance. This alliance consisted of the countries of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. This alliance was made against the Italians' public opinion and was despised by many people.

9. The number of men killed in battle during World War 1 for Italy was 600,000 for Italy. This was the 6th country in rank for number of men killed which was low, becuase the ocuntrys of Germany, Russia, and France had over the million point.

10. Italy was made up of several small independent states, with varying degrees of control from Austria, France and other European powers. However, from 1820, revolutionary ideas resulted in the formation of an Italian State. The unified kingdom of Italy was proclaimed in 1861, and by 1970, Venetia and Rome joined the kingdom, resulting in complete unification.

11. **Doctrine of Papal infallibility-** In July 1870, at the time of the impending downfall of the Pope's temporal authority. http://www.thecorner.org/hists/europe/italy-unif.htm

12. Many socialists had supported the government ‘s stand in keeping Italy out of the war in 1914. The nationalists, however, were horrified. To start with, Mussolini was against the war.

13. In the early 1900's Italy was a pretty new country with not much sence in national direction, for a lot of the early time Italy was split apart into many states such as papal, Romanga, Venitia, etc. But in 1871 it came together after siding with Prussia and gaining Venitia, it claimed Rome its capital. So by the 1900's when sorting alliences Italy was realy barley 30 years of age. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/italy_in_1900.htm

14. Italy had been allied with the German and Austro-Hungarian Empires since 1882 to form the Triple alliance. But, the nation had its own designs on Austrian territory in many of the states. Rome also had a secret 1902 pact with France, and this effectively nullified its alliance.

15. At the beginning of the hostilities, Italy did not want to give troops, the austro hungarian empire tried to persued the italian nation with parts of land such asthe french colony of Tunisia which was the negotiations given to secure the Italian neutrality. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_1#Italian_participation


 * __Timeline:__**

 **__1897 December 25__**- Italians hand over Kassala to the Egyptian army
 * __1891 __**- Italian government agrees to a commercial treaty with Germany and Austria
 * __1893 December __**- Italian forces Mahdists under Ahmad wad-Ali at Agordat
 * __1894 July __**- Italy captures Kassala
 * __1896 March 1 __**- Italian disaster at the battle of Adowa, Italians appeal for British aid unsuccessfully
 * __1902 June 28 __**- Triple alliance renewed
 * __1912 October 15 __**- Italy signs peace treaty with Turkey
 * __<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">1914 July 24 __**<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">- Italian government takes conciliatory towards crisis they’re having and attempts to maintain interest in Balkans and Adriatic’s with a war
 * __<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">August 1, 1915 __**<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">- Italy declares her neutrality

http://net.lib.byu.edu/~rdh7/wwi/1914m/willnick/timeline.htm